# The Great Wall (DD-111)

> The Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications built across northern China over roughly two millennia, from the 7th century BC through the Ming dynasty, to guard against raids from the steppe. After unifying China in 221 BC, Qin Shi Huang connected and extended earlier walls. Much of what stands today dates from the Ming (1368-1644). Builders included soldiers, conscripted peasants and convicts. A 2012 survey by China's State Administration of Cultural Heritage measured all its branches at about 21,196 km. UNESCO listed it as a World Heritage Site in 1987, and it was named one of the New 7 Wonders of the World in 2007. The footage shows renderings of the wall, workers and Qin Shi Huang, with the presenter. This is No. 1 in his Seven Wonders of the New World series.

- Department: Locations (also History)
- First published: 2023-12-08
- Last updated: 2023-12-08
- Permalink: https://detailenjoyer.com/case/the-great-wall/
- Author: Marcus Easterling (DetailEnjoyer), The Detail Department

## On the timeline

- **1987**: UNESCO lists the Great Wall
- **2007**: Named one of the New 7 Wonders

Full timeline: https://detailenjoyer.com/timeline/?case=the-great-wall

## Quick facts

- **DD-111-F01**: It's a series of walls built over about 2,000 years. _(Write-up · Exhibit A (Many walls))_
- **DD-111-F02**: Qin Shi Huang connected earlier walls after 221 BC. _(Write-up · Exhibit B (Qin Shi Huang))_

## Write-up

The Great Wall isn't one wall. Different dynasties built walls over about 2,000 years.

1. **Many walls**: It's a series of walls built over about 2,000 years.
2. **Qin Shi Huang**: Qin Shi Huang connected earlier walls after 221 BC.
3. **Ming walls**: Much of what stands today is Ming.
4. **Builders**: Soldiers, peasants and convicts built it.
5. **21,196 km**: A 2012 survey measured all branches at about 21,196 km.

## Related case files

- [The Wailing Wall (DD-673)](https://detailenjoyer.com/case/the-wailing-wall/): I paired it with another historic wall
- [Golden Monkeys (DD-161)](https://detailenjoyer.com/case/golden-monkeys/): I linked more from China

## Reel vs. record

- **Note**: 'No. 1' is the order of his own series; the New 7 Wonders aren't ranked.

## Video: The Great Wall: The Great Wall Isn't One Wall

- Duration: 39.6 s · Published: 2023-12-08
- File: https://detailenjoyer.com/assets/videos/C0mmmwTpguk.mp4

### Transcript

The Seven Wonders of the New World No. 1 the Great Wall of China DID YOU KNOW? The labor force used to build the Great Wall included soldiers, peasants and prisoners. The workforce was massive with estimates suggesting that hundreds of thousands of workers were involved in the construction. It's also worth noting that the Great Wall was not a continuous wall but rather a series of walls and fortifications built by different dynasties over the centuries. Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China, is often credited with connecting and extending existing walls to form a more cohesive defense against invasions from nomadic groups in the north. The Great Wall stands as a remarkable testament to ancient engineering and strategic military planning. NOW YOU KNOW!

## Questions & answers

**Q: Is the Great Wall a single continuous wall?**  
A: Built over centuries. _(Source: Write-up · Exhibit A (Many walls) · Wikipedia: Great Wall of China; UNESCO World Heritage: The Great Wall)_

**Q: Who connected earlier walls after 221 BC?**  
A: China's first emperor. _(Source: Write-up · Exhibit B (Qin Shi Huang) · Wikipedia: Great Wall of China)_

**Q: Which dynasty built much of what stands today?**  
A: 1368-1644. _(Source: Write-up · Exhibit C (Ming walls) · Wikipedia: Great Wall of China; UNESCO World Heritage: The Great Wall)_

**Q: Who built it?**  
A: A huge workforce. _(Source: Write-up · Exhibit D (Builders) · Wikipedia: Great Wall of China)_

**Q: How long are all its branches?**  
A: Per a 2012 survey. _(Source: Write-up · Exhibit E (21,196 km) · Wikipedia: Great Wall of China)_

## Sources

- [Wikipedia: Great Wall of China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Wall_of_China)
- [UNESCO World Heritage: The Great Wall](https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/438/)
- [Wikipedia: New7Wonders of the World](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New7Wonders_of_the_World)

## Cite this case file

Easterling, Marcus. "The Great Wall." The Detail Department (DetailEnjoyer), case file DD-111, last updated Dec 8, 2023. https://detailenjoyer.com/case/the-great-wall/